Pecchia

Friday, September 11, 2026

3-2-1 Crack Spread

If the price of oil suddenly drops, the spread goes up because its a measure of the difference between the cost of oil 3 barrels and the price for refined product: 2 barrels of gasoline and 1 barrel of other distillate, like diesel. Eventually, the end product will see its price go down too. When oil prices rise, the price of the end product instantly goes up.

Wordle 1688

Tuesday, September 08, 2026

TULIP

TULIP is the common acronym summarizing the five points of Calvinism (as defined by the Canons of Dort in 1618–1619). It stands for:

T – Total Depravity
Every part of human nature is affected by sin. People are unable to save themselves or even seek God on their own without divine intervention.
U – Unconditional Election
God chooses (elects) certain people for salvation based solely on His own will and purpose, not on any foreseen faith, works, or merit in them.
L – Limited Atonement (also called Particular Redemption)
Christ’s death on the cross effectively secured salvation specifically for the elect, not merely making it possible for everyone.
I – Irresistible Grace
When God calls the elect to salvation through the Holy Spirit, that call cannot ultimately be resisted; it effectively brings them to faith.
P – Perseverance of the Saints
Those whom God has elected and saved will persevere in faith to the end and cannot finally fall away from salvation.

These five points were formulated in response to the Arminian Remonstrance and remain a classic summary of distinctive Reformed/Calvinist soteriology (doctrine of salvation). Note that not every person or church that identifies as “Reformed” or “Calvinist” holds all five points in exactly the same way, and some prefer alternative phrasing or emphases.